当前竞技体育领域中针对国家象征的保护现状，存在相关体育规范的保护力度不足、规范不健全以及与司法衔接不畅等问题。解决上述问题需考量此类犯罪的特征与类型，并把握外部规制力介入之必要性这一理论前提。应明确规定相关组织体的地位与权责，设立与义务相对应的责任条款；应区分针对不同主体的惩戒机制并制定专门的司法解释用以构建以《体育法》为核心的软硬法并存的法源体系。同时，应着力营造维护国家象征的积极情境、培养国家认同的意识，在竞技体育赛场内外营造维护国家象征的环境氛围。

At present， there are some problems in the field of competitive sports， such as insufficient protection of relevant sports norms， imperfect norms and poor connection with justice. It is necessary to consider the characteristics and types of such crimes， and grasp the theoretical premise of the necessity of external regulatory intervention. It is proposed to establish responsibility clauses corresponding to obligations by clearly defining the status， rights and responsibilities of the organization. We should distinguish the disciplinary mechanism for different subjects and formulate special judicial interpretation to build a legal source system with soft and hard laws at the core of sports law. At the same time， through preventive measures such as reshaping the situation conducive to maintaining the national symbol and cultivating the awareness of national identity， we should create an environmental atmosphere for maintaining the national symbol inside and outside the competitive sports field.

D922.16,G812

安徽省 2020 年度安徽高校人文社会科学研究重大项目(SK2020ZD014)；2018 年度国家社科基金项目(18BTY027)；重庆市新型犯罪研究中心 2021 年度研究项目(21XXFZ49)；西南政法大学法学院 2021 年度学生科研创新项目(FXY2021069)