研究针对退役运动员群体的精准帮扶工作，紧紧围绕十九大报告关于扶贫工作重点强调的 “扶持谁”“谁扶持”和“怎么扶”的问题展开研究。第一，以英国国际署的可持续生计框架(SLA)为基础， 制订了退役运动员可持续生计分析框架，构建了退役运动员生计资本评价指标体系。第二，以6省548 名退役运动员为样本，对该群体的可持续生计资本状况进行了评价。评价结果表明，该群体除体育技能资本评价为较好外，人力资本、社会资本、资金资本和物质资本均处于一般水平。第三，从帮扶主体和帮扶内容两个方面，对该群体“已获帮扶”与“期待帮扶”进行比较分析，结果表明两个方面均存在较大差距。第四，为实现对退役运动员群体的“精准帮扶”，提出：科学构建“帮扶体系”是前提，完善“保障制度” 是基础，资本“补短强优”是重点，帮扶“尽早介入”是关键，“志智双扶”是核心。以期为退役运动员群体的精准帮扶工作提供借鉴和参考。

Aimed at solving the targeted assistance issues of the retired athletes，this paper conducts a research guided by the basic logic of the problem stressed in the report to the 19th CPC National Congress，that is，“assist whom”，“who assist” and “how to assist”. First of all，this paper is based on the sustainable livelihood approach of the Department for International Development of England，and formulates a sustainable livelihood analysis approach for retired athletes. Second，548 retired athletes from 6 provinces were used as samples to evaluate the status of sustainable livelihood capital. The evaluation results show that the overall situation of sustainable livelihood capital is at a general level，and the level of sports skill capital is better， but human capital，social capital，fifinancial capital and material capital are at a general level. Third，it carries out a comparative analysis of the “received assistance” and the “expected assistance” to the retired athletes in terms of the agents and content of assistance，and the results indicate that there is a big gap between the two sides. At last，for achieving “targeted assistance” to retired athletes，this paper proposes the following assistance strategies，in order to provide reference for the precise assistance to retired athletes： Scientififically constructing an “assistance system” is the premise，perfecting the “safeguard system” is the foundation，using capital to “enhance advantages and compensate for the disadvantages” is the key point，to assist as early as possible is the key，raising intelligence as well as willpower is the core.

G812.3;F249.2

国家社会科学基金一般项目(14BTY069)