我国青少年足球运动员转会面临立法实践和规则实施两个层面的法律困境。立法实践层面，法律文本中部分概念性质模糊或标准不明，如“工作合同”的合同名称无法表明其法律性质、“青少年业余球员培训协议”的法律性质不明、“正当体育理由”援引条件严苛、标准模糊等问题；规则实施层面，存在法律规避行为泛滥、主体履约意识淡薄和联合机制补偿流于形式等问题。为规范青少年球员转会法律秩序，更好地保护青少年运动员的权益，同时兼顾投入了大量人力、财力的培训机构和俱乐部的利益，必须以问题为导向寻求解决方案。在规则内容的完善方面，应以两分性视角明晰青少年球员“工作合同”和“青少年业余球员培训协议”的法律性质，细化“正当体育理由”的适用标准，同时化解青少年球员转会实践中的法律适用困境。规则体系的健全及其配套措施的优化方面，应以利益平衡的立法价值为指引，严格规范青少年球员代理人的行为，预防和惩治合同违约行为，健全青少年球员转会纠纷解决机制。

The transfer of juvenile football players in our country faces the legal dilemma of legislative practice and rule implementation. In terms of legislative practice，some concepts in legal texts are vague in nature or unclear in standards. For example，the contract name of“work contract”cannot indicate its legal nature，the legal nature of the Junior Amateur Player Training Agreement is unclear，and the condition applicable to the legal provisions of“sports justification”are too strict while the standards are vague. At the level of rule implementation，there are problems such as excessive legal circumvention，weak consciousness of the subjects to perform their promise and solidarity mechanism compensation is mere formality. In order to regulate the legal order of the transfer of Juvenile players，better protect the rights and interests of young players，and at the same time give consideration to the interests of training institutions and clubs that have invested a lot of manpower and financial resources，it is necessary to seek solutions oriented by the problems. Regarding to the perfection of the content of the rules，the legal nature of“work contract”and“Junior Amateur Player Training Agreement”should be clarified from a two-point perspective， the applicable standard of“ sports justification”should be stipulated in detail，and the legal application dilemma in the transfer practice of juvenile players should be solved. The perfection of the rule system and the optimization of its supporting measures should be guided by the legislative value of the balanced interests，strictly regulate the behavior of juvenile players' agents， prevent and punish the behavior of contract breaches，and improve the disputes resolving mechanism of juvenile players’transfer.

G80-05

教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助重大项目：国际体育赛事法律问题研究（20JHQ013）。